Taoism is the only indigenous set of philosophical teachings and religious practices that originated from China, and is rooted in old Chinese pantheist and shamanistic beliefs. It was developed by Lao Tze during the Warring States Period and became an organised religion in the 5th century AD. Its key text is the Tao Te Ching, originally written by Lao Tze who reflected on a way for humanity to end strife and suffering.

Taoists believe that man should live in harmony with nature through dao, or 'the way', the idea of a grand cosmic harmony. Taoist beliefs stress self-cultivation, freedom and the search for immortality. Taoism has since played a dominant role in shaping many aspects of Chinese culture such as art, literature, philosophy and architecture. Taoism is strongly influenced by Chinese folk religion, and Taoist gods were historical beings who had displayed exceptional powers during their lifetimes.

Some Taoist deities:

Jade Emperor - Considered the supreme sovereign of all Chinese deities, the Jade Emperor is credited for creating mankind from clay. Taoists pray to him for luck and longevity on his birthday, and also on the eve of Chinese New Year.

Cai Shen - The Chinese God of Prosperity and Wealth is widely worshipped by Chinese – for obvious reasons! Cai Shen is believed to have once been a general from the Qin Dynasty, and is often portrayed riding a black tiger.

The Eight Immortals - A group of Taoist deities believed to bring luck and longevity, the Eight Immortals represent different aspects of life. They originated in the Tang Dynasty and feature prominently in Chinese literature and a favourite theme in art and porcelain.

The God of War -  Guan Di, originally Guan Yu, was an outstanding military general and the sworn brother of Liu Bei who ruled the kingdom of Shu during the period of the Three Kingdoms. He was later canonised during the Ming Dynasty as the God of War, and portrayed as riding a horse and wielding a huge weapon called the guan dao.