Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is the science that allows for the construction of machines and materials using nanometre components. One nanometre is a unit of length equivalent to one billionth of a metre. There are over 1,500 companies worldwide that spend billions of pounds every year so that their scientists can conduct research and develop engines the size of a finger nail or computers that fit in the palm of your hand. Science fiction has already developed similar technology. In 2002, writer Michael Crichton’s book Prey thrilled readers by imagining billions of escaped ‘nanoparticles’ swarming together and threatening to extinguish humanity.

Scientists can’t say categorically that this will never happen. Some view nanotechnology as a potential threat on an undetermined scale. While there are scientists who are able to manipulate matter at the smallest scale for the purpose of creating and improving everyday products, or for use in medicine or industry, there are also those who point out how little we really know about the potential health and environmental risks of such technology. Nanoparticles can be found in everything from tanning lotions to solar panels, yet some scientists think that carbon nanoparticles may be toxic to animal cells.

In essence, the humanitarian potential may be enormous but so may the potential for harm or misuse. Experts have concluded that, just as billions of pounds are spent in the research and development of consumer products using this technology, an equal amount should be spent in analysing its potential risks and consequences.