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When we look up to the heavens, we share the same basic view as pre-historic man, because the position of the stars as we observe them has hardly changed in millions of years.
Earth is surrounded by a giant sphere of space, which is known as the ‘celestial sphere’. When we observe the heavens, we are in the middle of this sphere but we can only see half of it at any one time, because the rest is below the horizon.
Because the area is so incredibly vast, astronomers measure distance in space by light years - the distance travelled by light in one year. One light year is 9.46 million million km!
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